养精种玉汤辅助体外受精-胚胎移植对排卵障碍性不孕患者的影响

目的：探究养精种玉汤辅助体外受精-胚胎移植（IVF-ET）对排卵障碍性不孕患者的影响。方法：选取2016年12月至2017年3月邯郸市中心医院收治的排卵障碍性不孕患者82例作为研究对象，按照随机数字表法随机分为对照组与观察组，每组41例。对照组给予促性腺激素释放激素激动剂（Gn）+控制性促排卵+IVF-ET治疗，观察组在此基础上联合养精种玉汤治疗，至HCG日停止服用。治疗后统计2组Gn使用情况、取卵数及妊娠率；检测并比较HCG日2组子宫内膜容受性指标；比较2组妊娠结局及治疗期间相关不良反应发生情况。结果：观察组Gn使用天数及使用剂量均低于对照组，而妊娠率高于对照组（P<0.05或P<0.01）；观察组子宫内膜类型为A型患者比例高于对照组，而子宫内膜类型为C型患者比例低于对照组（P<0.05或P<0.01）；观察组子宫内膜厚度大于对照组，而子宫内膜动脉血流参数PI及RI均低于对照组（P<0.01）；2组不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），且治疗期间2组血清肝功能指标及血尿常规检测均未发现异常。结论：养精种玉汤辅助IVF-ET可有效增强排卵障碍性不孕患者子宫内膜容受性，提高患者妊娠率并改善其妊娠结局，具有良好的安全性。     

益气活血通络汤治疗原发性高血压合并糖耐量减低临床研究

目的:观察中药益气活血通络汤治疗高血压合并糖耐量减低的临床疗效。方法:将64例高血压合并糖尿病患者,随机分为2组各32例,对照组口服硝苯地平片治疗;观察组加用中药益气活血通络汤,以治疗前后收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、血糖、胰岛素、胰岛素敏感性指数(ISI)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)为观察指标。结果:治疗3个月后,观察组疗效优于对照组(Z=-1.998,P<0.05)。与治疗前比较,2组经治疗后SBP、DBP、TC、TG、LDL-C均下降,HDL-C上升,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组治疗后SBP、DBP、TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C与对照组治疗后比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与治疗前比较,2组经治疗后空腹和餐后2 h血糖、胰岛素、HOMA-IR均下降,ISI上升,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且经治疗后,观察组上述所有指标改善情况均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组患者在3个月的治疗期间中均未出现严重不良反应。结论:中药益气活血通络汤治疗高血压合并糖耐量降低疗效较好且安全性高,能显著降低血压,改善血脂。     

miR-503靶向TLR4对前列腺癌多西他赛耐药的影响

背景与目的：在前列腺癌标准化疗方案中，多西他赛（docetaxel，DTX）引起的化疗耐药是引起患者死亡的重要原因之一，然而DTX引起的化疗耐药相关机制尚未知。探讨前列腺癌DTX耐药的作用机制。方法：收集2016年6月—2019年6月在武汉市第三医院进行化疗的40例患者，包括20例DTX耐药和20例DTX敏感患者。人前列腺癌细胞系PC-3在一系列逐渐增加的DTX浓度梯度处理下形成耐药株PC-3/DTX。采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction，RTFQ-PCR）检测miR-503和TLR4 mRNA的表达，采用蛋白质印迹法（Western blot）检测TLR4蛋白的水平，采用双荧光素酶报告基因检测miR-503和TLR4的相互作用，采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝（methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium，MTT）法检测细胞活力，采用流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡。结果：前列腺癌耐药患者组织和耐药细胞系中miR-503的表达较敏感组显著降低（P=0.013），而TLR4显著增加（P=0.005 6）。过表达miR-503显著抑制耐药细胞的增殖，促进凋亡，同时抑制耐药相关蛋白MDR-1的表达，而过表达TLR4则促进细胞的增殖，抑制凋亡，促进耐药相关蛋白MDR-1的表达。结论：miR-503通过靶向调控TLR4的表达影响前列腺癌的DTX耐药。     

维生素D与多囊卵巢患者胰岛素抵抗相关性及其机制研究

目的:探讨维生素D对多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者胰岛素抵抗(IR)的影响及其机制研究.方法:选取自2013年2月～2014年2月在该院就诊的48例PCOS患者作为PCOS组,另选30例健康育龄期妇女作为对照组,测量研究者身高、体质量参数,计算体质指数(BMI),采用全自动生化分析仪葡萄糖氧化酶检测空腹血糖浓度(FBG)、化学发光法检测血清空腹胰岛素(FI)及胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)水平、ELISA方法测定血清25-(OH)D3浓度,计算稳态胰岛素评价指数(HOMA-IR)用于评价胰岛素抵抗性,量化胰岛素敏感指数(QUICKI)用于评价胰岛素敏感度,并分析FI、HOMA-IR、QUICKI及IGF-1与血清25-(OH)D3浓度的相关性.结果:PCOS组BMI及FBG与对照组相比,差异无统计学差异(P＞0.05),而FI、HOMA-IR、QUICKI、25-(OH) D3及IGF-1与对照组比较,差异均有统计学差异(P＜0.05);并且PCOS组FI和HOMA-IR与血清25-(OH)D3浓度呈显著负相关,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),QUICKI和IGF-1水平与血清25-(OH)D3浓度呈显著正相关,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:PCOS患者IR可能与血清中维生素D缺乏有关,而IGF-1分泌减少又可能是导致PCOS患者维生素D缺乏的重要原因.     

妇科腹腔镜围手术期碳水化合物口服疗法对术后胰岛素抵抗影响的研究

目的观察妇科腹腔镜手术围术期碳水化合物口服疗法和传统禁饮食方案两种不同的临床处理措施对于术后胰岛素抵抗（IR）的影响。 方法选取2018年2月至8月入住徐州医科大学附属医院妇科，行腹腔镜下全子宫切除手术的非糖尿病患者共98例，将采用围术期碳水化合物口服疗法者作为观察组（50例），采用传统禁饮食方案者作为对照组（48例）。检测所有病例的术前、术后第1天及第3天的空腹血糖（FPG）及空腹胰岛素（FINS），并利用稳态模式评估法计算稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数（HOME-IR）。对于观察组与对照组患者术前、术后第1天和术后第3天的FPG、FINS和HOME-IR等指标，组间比较采用独立样本t检验。两组患者术后腹胀、术后24 h通气、术后发热的发生情况的比较采用确切概率法检验。 结果观察组与对照组比较，术前和术后第1天FPG差异无统计学意义（P均>0.05），术后第3天FPG明显降低［（4.34±0.59）mmol/L vs （4.96±0.64）mmol/L］，差异有统计学意义（t=-4.96，P=0.002）。观察组与对照组比较，术前和术后第1天FINS差异无统计学意义（P均>0.05），术后第3天FINS明显降低［（45.39±13.55）mIU/L vs （51.18±9.34） mIU/L］，差异有统计学意义（t=-2.46，P=0.033）。观察组与对照组比较，术前HOME-IR差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），术后第1天和术后第3天HOME-IR明显降低［（13.08±4.80）vs （15.03±4.11）；（9.37±3.65）vs （11.30±2.55）］，差异有统计学意义（t=-0.69，P=0.042；t=-3.99，P=0.033）。两组患者术后其他观察指标比较，观察组术后24 h通气率与对照组比较明显增高（76.0% vs 64.6%），差异有统计学意义（P=0.045）。两组患者在术后腹胀、术后发热的发生率方面差异无统计学意义（P均>0.05）。两组患者均未发生术中误吸。 结论妇科腹腔镜手术围术期应用碳水化合物口服疗法较传统禁饮食方案，能有效减轻术后IR程度，促进术后康复进程，且不增加围术期并发症的发生率。     

The effects of carnitine supplementation on clinical characteristics of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

ObjectiveThe beneficial effects of carnitine supplementation on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease are unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of carnitine supplementation on liver function, lipid profile, body mass index, body weight, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.MethodsA comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases were performed. Only randomized placebo-controlled human studies that examined the effects of carnitine supplementation on liver function, lipid profile, body mass index, body weight, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance up to September 2019 were included. Fixed effects or random-effects models were applied to compute the pooled effect size. Heterogeneity assessments were performed using Cochran’s Q test and I-squared statistics. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Jaded scale.ResultsA total of 5 articles were selected, including 334 individuals (167 in control and 167 in intervention groups). The results demonstrated that carnitine supplementation significantly reduced homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (WMD: −0.91; 95 % CI: −1.11, −0.72; p < 0.001, I² = 0.0 %) and the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (WMD: −16.62; 95 % CI: −28.11, −5.14; IU/l; p = 0.005, I² = 93.5 %), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (WMD: -33.39; 95 % CI: −45.13, −21.66; IU/l; p < 0.001, I² = 93.4 %), and triglycerides (TG) (WMD: −22.13; 95 % CI: −38.91, −5.34; mg/dl; p = 0.01; I² = 0.0 %). However, the results of the pooled effect size did not show any significant effect of carnitine supplementation on body mass index (BMI) (WMD: 0.07; 95 % CI: −0.15, 0.29; p = 0.55; I² = 0.0 %), body weight (WMD: −0.28; 95 % CI: −2.23, 1.68; p = 0.78; I² = 45.7 %), the levels of gamma-glutamyl transferase (γGT) (WMD: −11.31; 95 % CI: −24.35, 1.73; IU/l; p = 0.09, I² = 61.1 %), cholesterol (WMD: −13.58; 95 % CI: −46.77, 19.60; mg/dl; p = 0.42; I² = 94.9 %), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (WMD: 1.36; 95 % CI: −0.96, 3.68; mg/dl; p = 0.25; I² = 64.7 %), and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) (WMD: −14.85; 95 % CI: −45.43, 15.73; mg/dl; p = 0.34; I² = 96.4 %).ConclusionsThis analysis shows that carnitine supplementation for patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease demonstrates a reduction in AST, ALT, TG levels and HOMA-IR. However, no significant effect of carnitine supplementation was observed on BMI, body weight, the levels of γGT, TC, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol.     

Factors associated with clinically significant hypoglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes using sensor-augmented pump therapy with predictive low-glucose management: A multicentric study on iberoamerica

Background and aimsDespite using sensor-augmented pump therapy (SAPT) with predictive low-glucose management (PLGM), hypoglycemia is still an issue in patients with type 1 Diabetes (T1D). Our aim was to determine factors associated with clinically significant hypoglycemia (<54 mg/dl) in persons with T1D treated with PLGM-SAPT.Methodology: This is a multicentric prospective real-life study performed in Colombia, Chile and Spain. Patients with T1D treated with PLGM-SAPT, using sensor ≥70% of time, were included. Data regarding pump and sensor use patterns and carbohydrate intake from 28 consecutive days were collected. A bivariate and multivariate Poisson regression analysis was carried out, to evaluate the association between the number of events of <54 mg/dl with the clinical variables and patterns of sensor and pump use.Results188 subjects were included (41 ± 13.8 years-old, 23 ± 12 years disease duration, A1c 7.2% ± 0.9). The median of events <54 mg/dl was four events/patient/month (IQR 1–10), 77% of these events occurred during day time. Multivariate analysis showed that the number of events of hypoglycemia were higher in patients with previous severe hypoglycemia (IRR1.38; 95% CI 1.19–1.61; p < 0.001), high glycemic variability defined as Coefficient of Variation (CV%) > 36% (IRR 2.09; 95%CI 1.79–2.45; p < 0.001) and hypoglycemia unawareness. A protector effect was identified for adequate sensor calibration (IRR 0.77; 95%CI 0.66–0.90; p:0.001), and the use of bolus wizard >60% (IRR 0.74; 95%CI 0.58–0.95; p:0.017).ConclusionIn spite of using advanced SAPT, clinically significant hypoglycemia is still a non-negligible risk. Only the identification and intervention of modifiable factors could help to prevent and reduce hypoglycemia in clinical practice.     

Genetic diversity of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Tunisia

Objectives

This study aimed to explore the genetic diversity of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in a Tunisian pneumology hospital.

玉液汤对2型糖尿病肥胖患者肠道菌群及脂质代谢的影响

目的：探讨玉液汤对2型糖尿病肥胖患者肠道菌群及脂质代谢影响。方法：选取2017年2月至2019年2月广州市中医医院收治的2型糖尿病肥胖患者106例作为研究对象，按照就诊顺序分为对照组和观察组，每组53例。2组均给予基础治疗+药物治疗，观察组再加用玉液汤治疗。观察2组治疗前、完成治疗后肠道菌群、脂质代谢、中医症状积分、血糖相关指标、体质量、腰围、体质量指数(BMI)变化并比较。结果：2组治疗前各指标比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），完成治疗后观察组患者的中医症状积分、FINS、HOMA-IR、HbAlc、BMI、腰围、体质量、TC、TG、LDL-C、肠杆菌、酵母菌、肠球菌、畏寒肢冷、腰膝酸软、脘腹2组患者治疗后HDL-C、双岐杆菌、乳杆菌、拟杆菌均较治疗后明显上升，且观察组高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：玉液汤能改善2型糖尿病肥胖患者脂质代谢和临床症状，降低血糖，能调节肠道菌群紊乱，从而提高疗效。